Research into music channels- Miss Georgiou

MTV

1) Who is the target audience is and why?
12-30 years old is their target audience, this is because MTV wants a lot of viewers to make more money and the pop genre will get the most amount of people to watch the music channel.

2) What type of music does the music channel play and why?
MTV plays pop music mainly, the songs they play are usually in the top 40 charts. They choose to play these songs as they are what they target audience like to listen to, the audience recognise that MTV play top 40 chart as that is what the first music videos were made for, songs in the charts. Since the start of the channels history it has played chart music, so when the audience watch this channel this is what they want to see.

3) Identify 3-5 example of artists that feature on a regular basis
Katy perry, Rihanna, Beyonce, Justin Bieber all regularly feature on MTV. These artists are all famous artists that make chart music for a wide audience, the same target audience that MTV has.

4) How is the channel used as a form of branding?
MTV uses the channel for branding purposes such as selling T-shirts with the MTV logo on it, this merchandise is worn by fans which gives the channel more publicity. The merchandise is a vital tool for the advertisement of the channel, from this merchandise they are making money to advertise their channel, and the fans are happy to wear the merchandise. Also artists that are shown on the channel choose to wear the merchandise as well this makes the merchandise a trend and generates more fans for the channel.

5) Why does the logo appeal to the target audience.
The logo appeals to the target audience as it is seen as iconic of pop music and the music they like, this is how much of an influence the channel has on people who like this music. Also the merchandise that has the logo on it makes the logo popular and this is what the target audience like.

Kerrang

1) Who is their target audience and why?
The target audience of Kerrang is people aged 15-24 as that is what the main reader base of the Kerrang magazine is which is the same base of people that would watch the music channel. The 15-24 audience is the main part of their audience but this doesn't mean this is their target audience, the target audience for Kerrang is from 15-34 as this is the second majority of largest readers.
This chart below shows the average audience for their magazine, the readers of their magazine would most likely be  the same audience would watch the TV channel.

2) What type of music does the music channel play and why?
Kerrang plays a range of different rock music, this is what the music channel and brand is made for, fans of rock music. The kerrang brand is recognised for being rock orientated, so when people watch the channel they expect to see rock music videos.

3) Identify 3-5 example of artists that feature on a regular basis
 Linkin park, Avenged sevenfold, The Pretty reckless, Twin Atlantic are bands that are played on a regular basis on Kerrang. These are all rock bands and they are popular rock bands that the target audience of the channel will know and probably like to listen to and watch their music videos.

4) How is the channel used as a form of branding?
The channel is used as a form of branding as kerrang has different outlets in the media industry such as radio and magazines, which are all part of the kerrang brand. The Kerrang brand is well known among music fans as a rock music video channel this image of the brand is kept up by the magazine and website promoting rock music.

5) Why does the logo appeal to the target audience.
The logo is different to other popular channels logos as it is a simple colour scheme of black and white as opposed to channels that use bright colours to attract an audience, also the font used suits the rock style of the channel with the jagged edges on the letters and the broken glass effect used.

VIVA

1) Who is their target audience and why?

VIVA is a similar music channel to MTV as it plays mostly pop music, it also has the same target audience as MTV which is 12-30 year olds. As with MTV the age of their target audience is 12-30 year olds as this is the age of people that like the popular music.

2) What type of music does VIVA play and why?

VIVA plays popular and chart music as it is what gets the channel the biggest audience, this will make the channel more money. Also they play pop music as it is what they are famous for with fans of the channel, so if they changed the genre of music they played they would lose viewers.

3) Identify 3-5 example of artists that feature on a regular basis
Artists that feature on a regular basis are Rhianna, Lady Gaga, Beyonce and Example. These are all popular music artists that people who listen to pop music like,  they play these artists as it is what keeps people listening to the channel.

4) How is the channel used as a form of branding?
VIVA uses twitter to promote the brand VIVA and the channel, it tries to attract an audience by trying to be funny and relevant to what is being shown on the channel at that time, for example when they show a programme they promote that it is being shown and post pictures of screen shots from the programme with the VIVA logo in the corner of the photo and the time the programme is being shown, this is a good use of the VIVA banding as it attracts views to their channel.

5) Why does the logo appeal to the target audience.
The logo appeals to their target audience as it is bright and uses fluorescent colours, which are seen by their target audience as stylish. also the font used for the logo is modern. The pop conventions of the bright colours and modern font relate to the music that the channel plays.

Channel AKA.

1) Who is their target audience and why?

Channel AKA's target audience is 13-27, this is because people who listen to music genres that are played on this channel are younger so they target this age range.

2) What type of music does Channel AKA play and why?

Channel AKA plays urban music, which is mostly made up of hip-hop, grime and rap music. They play this music as urban music is popular amongst their target audience and there is not many channels that play urban music, as it is not as popular as pop music which has lots of different channels broadcasting it.

3) Identify 3-5 example of artists that feature on a regular basis

Artists that are played regularly include, JME, Skepta, Leathal Bizzle and Wiz Khalifa. This music is all parts of genres that are listened to by people that are in the target audience range.

4) How is the channel used as a form of branding?

The brand Channel AKA is very popular in the urban music scene and the artists that was made famous by channel AKA still pay tribute to them and promote them, this is how the brand is still popular after 11 years. also channel AKA uses twitter to promote themselves and get a following of people to watch their programmes by promoting the times of them and showing what the audience can expect on each programme.

5) Why does the logo appeal to the target audience.

The logo appeals to their target audience as it is has a figure on it which looks like an urban artist, they have done this on purpose to show more about the character of the channel. This will appeal to the fans of urban music which the channel plays especially as it is relating to the music they play on the channel.

4 Music.

1) Who is their target audience and why?

The target audience for 4 music is 12-30 year olds as it is the age that pop music is the most popular and the branding of the channel is made to attract this specific audience to the channel. The target audience is the age range of people who listen to the music they play so they specifically target this age range of people.

2) What type of music does 4 music play and why?

4 music plays pop music and chart music as it is popular and can generate a very large audience for the channel that other genres cannot achieve. This gives them a large audience base and they can make more money if more people listen to the channel.

3) Identify 3-5 example of artists that feature on a regular basis

Artists that feature on a regular basis are Rhianna, Lady Gaga, Beyonce and Example. This is similar to VIVA as they play the same chart music. The artists played on the channel are popular in the pop genre and will get people to listen to the channel, getting the channel more views.

4) How is the channel used as a form of branding?

Twitter is also used by 4 music as a form of branding, they also promote the channel by making hashtags and asking their followers to use them by voting on polls like who their favourite pop star is and why, this makes the audience interact with the channel and puts their brand in the spotlight of twitter when the hastags trend worldwide, this makes them popular on social media, generating a larger audience.

5) Why does the logo appeal to the target audience.

The logo appeals to their target audience as it is bright and modern, also it has the word music which makes it clear that it is a music channel, also the number 4 is the logo so it is very clear what channel you are watching on TV.

Summary.
Overall the role of the music channel is very important for artists as it is a place that fans of the specific genre of music can see the music videos of artists, this can help to gain a larger audience as they are being seen by their target audience who are generally the same audience of that of the specific music channel.

History of a music video- Miss Georgiou

The way people can consume music videos has changed drastically since the first music video,  you can watch music videos on TV, the Internet (Youtube), mobile phones, portable devices (tablets)  iTunes and even billboards in the streets. This has changed massively since the first music video where people could only watch it on the TV.

MTV
MTV Launched on August 1, 1981, is a TV channel which was made to specifically show music videos, its target audience was teens and young adults and by 1984, MTV was reaching 1.2 percent of the daily television audience, and more than a quarter of daily teen viewers, this show that the music video TV channel format was very popular this is supported by the fact that as of August 2013, approximately 97,654,000 American households (85.51% of households with television) receive MTV.
Youtube
YouTube is a video-sharing website, created in 2005 on which users can upload, view and share videos. display a wide variety of user-generated and corporate media video content, including video clips, TV clips, and music videos, and amateur content such as video blogging, short original videos, and educational videos. Youtube is also used by music artists to release their music videos, it is popular with music artists, as they can have their own profile on which they can share their music and videos  they can also choose to make money from the videos from advertising. The most watched video on Youtube is "Gangnam Style" by Psy which has over 2 billion views as of June 23rd 2014, it was uploaded on July 15th, 2012. This is an example of how popular videos can become on Youtube.

Budgets
Music videos on Youtube have various budgets, some  artists spend less than £100 on their music video such as Skepta ft. JME- That's not me, music video which won a MOBO award for best music video, this varies by artist size and what the idea for the video is for example Micheal Jackson spent around $7,000,000 on his music video for 'scream'.

Technology and special effects
With the development of technology music videos can be made with special effects using technology that is easily accessible, this means that music videos made by smaller artists can still be high quality, and engage the audience in the same way a larger scale artist can with their music videos, this is good for smaller artits as it could be a good way to get more popularity.

Target audience and number of views a video receive.
The target audience for a music video will have a big impact on how successful the music video will be as some music videos have a target audience that is niche rather than a wide target audience, compared to  a video with a larger target audience it will generally have a larger number of views.
How have music genre developed over the years
Over the years since the prominence of music videos there has been development of music genres such as electronic music genres like house and techno, also Hip-Hop has become very popular and genres like rock and jazz are no longer the popular genres. This will effect the views and popularity of artists, as there are more genres and they all have an access to the internet to get exposure as opposed to a few music video channels and the radio.
Evaluate- How they have developed over the years.
Over the years music videos have changed and developed, especially the technology used in the making of them, such as HD cameras and special effects, but the most expensive music video made is
'scream' by Micheal Jackson and Janet Jackson which had a budget of $7,000,000. The target audience for Scream was a very wide global audience, this is as it is a pop song and the technology used in the music video was state of the art at the time it was made. Where as music videos now can make high quality videos in HD for a small budget, so this high budget was more of a special for that music videos, and other genres of music don't have music videos with extortionate budgets. This allows people that are not professional music artists to make music video for themselves for cheap at a high standard. This shows how far technology has developed so that the budget of a music video is not a relevant as it once was, although music artists with a big budget for videos can now make a very high quality music video with professional actors to make the music video engaging for the audience.

What is a music video- Miss Miller

Kanye West- All falls down

Introduction of music video
"All Falls Down" is a song by American hip hop artist Kanye West. It was released as the third single from his debut album, 'The College Dropout'. The song was produced by West and features singer Syleena Johnson. It was released in February 2004. The song was nominated for Best Rap/Sung Collaboration at the 47th Grammy Awards. 

Purpose of music video. 
The main purpose of this music video is to show the audience a visual representation of this song, especially as the lyrics in this song are often metaphorical and some audiences may get a better understanding of some lyrics when they watch the video. This music video shows a short narrative of what Kanye Wests lifestyle might be like, this is interesting to his fans and people that want to know more about him, also the videos narrative shows a normal situation of dropping someone at an airport, but in the shoes of Kanye West, for example the audience can see through Kanye Wests eyes as he is handing out money to his partner, and is travelling in a limo, this isn't what a normal persons lifestyle is like, so the video is engaging for a large audience to see how celebrity's live. Another purpose of  Music videos is that they are a marketing tool for a single that's released by an artist, so in this video Kanye West is promoting himself, as at the time he wasn't a recognised rapper, so he wanted to assert himself to potential new audiences. He done that in this video by making an interesting narrative for the audience to follow, which gave them an incite into the lyrics and his lifestyle, and also by performing in the video, this showed everyone that he is talented and would have got him new fans at that stage in his career.

Style of music video,
The music video is a mix of all three styles, it has a strong narrative which is showing his daily life with his girlfriend and the paparazzi, he also shows his expensive clothes and cars. This is included to impress the target audience ho expect the conventions in a hip hop video. There is also a element of performance as Kanye West is seen sing ing the lyrics at a few occasions such as when he looks in the mirror and when he goes through the x-ray machine. The is also an element of concept, for example the x-ray effect, the concept elemnts in the music video are not used as much and they are not conventional of the genre.

Codes and conventions used, 
The main conventions used in this music video are expensive locations and expensive cars and clothes, these all show the audience that Kanye West is wealthy and famous, which is also seen by the paparazzi that are shown in the video. It is clear by Kanye West including these elements he wants people to see that he is rich and famous, this gets him recognition by fans for being successful at what he does. The Hip-hop genre typical conventions are followed exactly by Kanye West in this music video, as it shows the artist living a luxury lifestyle.

How this appeals to target audience.
Kanye West's target audience is people from aged 13-40 as this is a large range of age and his lyrics can relate to people of different ages, the music video appeals to his target audience as it shows them a hint of what his life is like, this is intriguing for the target audience as they want to build a relationship with the artist, so by seeing what his life is like they can see what his personality might be like. The target audience are shown this through the use of editing styles, the cinematography and the narrative of the music video. The Editing makes the video more exciting and shows the narrative in a entertaining way, which will help build the relationship between the audience and the artist. The cinematography in the costumes and setting show his lifestyle clearly to the target audience and they would be impressed by the expensive brands of clothes he wears and airport location shows that he can afford to fly people around the world.
Through the use of the different micro elements the music video the target audience see the artist in a personal way and the narrative shows him to act like what they think a famous person would act, this helps to gain an audience for Kanye West.

Research into Goodwin's theory- Miss Georgiou

Introduction

My chosen music video is Ed Sheeran- Sing.
Andrew Goodwin's theory is that there are seven characteristics that are conventional for music videos to follow especially popular music that is made for a large target audience.
The seven characteristics that music videos follows are...

-Music Videos demonstrate genre characteristics
This means that the music videos codes and conventions should fit with the genre of music, for example if there is a rock music video there should be the band or artist performing with instruments, and the video should have conventions that fit the genre rather than conventions that are used in other genres like happy concepts or romantic narratives that may be used in pop music videos.

-Should be related between lyrics and images
This point refers to the lyrics and how they should link to the music videos images, for example if the artists lyrics are about love, then there might be use of a female or a male love interest in the video, this would be 
clear to the audience and they would enjoy the narrative of the video.

-Relationship between music and visuals
This point is referring to the music and the visuals, for example in a dance music video there is a popular convention used that when the main beat drops, there is a shot of a crowd at the artists concert or performance, or that there is people dancing when the chorus of a song starts. This would be a clear link between the music and the visuals, which would make the music video and song more enjoyable for the audience as it keeps them engaged in the song.

-The demands of record labels are that there are lots of close ups
This characteristic is used lots in most music videos as record labels want there artists to be recognisable for there music and style, this will help to sell their music, and build a fan base for the artist, resulting in more money for them.

-There is frequently reference to notion of looking and particularly voyeuristic treatment of the female body.
A voyeuristic treatment of a female in music videos is typically a female being looked at as a sexual object by men in the video. This can be used in music videos to attract a male audience, which will get artists a large fan base, also they can be seen as a role model to some girls who want to be like there favourite artist. Also the notions of looking isn't just for women it can be any character in a video and it can be used to represent a person in the video and build a concept or narrative.

-There is often intertextual reference
Intertextual references are used in music videos to keep the viewer engaged, this works when the viewer see references to other interests they may have weather its TV programmes, Films or other music videos that the music video may reference. For example there are uses of a news channel with the artist being shown on it then it shows the audience that the artist is credible and popular enough to appear on TV, this is used to impress the artists fans.

-Is the narrative/performance or concept based and how much each is used in the music video
The video is equal to all three bases, there are lots of elements of narrative seen with the story line, the performance element is also equal as Ed Sheeran is shown performing his song throughout. And finally the concept base is used with the puppet of Ed Sheeran this is also part of the narrative of the video.

Analyisis.

1-Music Videos demonstrate genre characteristics
This is the first characteristic in Goodwin's theory and there is a use of it throughout the music video for sing by Ed Sheeran, the song is in the pop genre and there is a use of instruments when there is a guitar used in the song, this makes it clear that he is performing the song and this is conventional to pop music as the artist needs to be seen to be performing during their music video. 

. This builds a relationship with the audience as the artists fans are shown how talented their favourite artist is. This makes the audience like the song and the artist more as they can see that he is good at making music.

2-Should be related between lyrics and images.
In this music video there isn't alot of direct links between the lyrics and the images on screen, two of the most obvious ones for the audience are when Ed Sheeran says "something to drink and maybe something to smoke" directly after he says 'something to smoke' he inhales like he was smoking this is clear to the audience when watching the video. Also during the video the images on screen match the lyrics when Ed Sheeran says "Sobering up we just sit on the couch
One thing led to another
Now she's kissing my mouth" this is said at the same time that the puppet kisses a woman on a couch. This use of Goodwins theory in this music video shows that the artits and record label have deliberately made the video for the target audience of pop music fans of any age, this is important for the artist as the music videos are appealing to his audience so he can make more money from them as they may buy the song from likeing the music video after seeing it.

3-Relationship between music and visuals 

The name of the song is 'sing', this word is repeated during the song especially when the chorus starts, in the video when the chorus starts the scene changes to either the artist Ed Sheeran performing the song, or a it goes to the concept part of the video in which there is a puppet model of Ed Sheeran pretending to be him there is also dancing and a party type scene in the limo. 

This appeals to the audience because it shows the artist performing his song, this makes the video engaging and enjoyable for the audience. 

4-The demands of record labels the video will need lots of close ups of the artists
This element of Goodwins theory is practised in the 'sing' music video as close ups are used throughout the video especially when artist is performing with the other featured artist Pharrel Williams, (screenshot). This appeals to the audience as they are shown how talented Ed Sheeran is with the close ups of him performing. The close ups make it clear who is performing, also it shows the audience that they're having fun when performing, which makes the audience enjoy the video and they will also see how the two artists get along, so the two fan bases of the artists might start to listen to the other artist. this will get both artists more fans.

5-There is frequently reference to notion of looking and particularly voyeuristic treatment of the female body.
This element of Goodwins theory is used in the 'sing' music video a few times, it is shown when the puppet is shown in the limo with girls, this is shown here also there is a scene when the puppet of Ed Sheeran is watching ladies pole dancing , and once again when the puppet is talking to the woman at the bar. This is used in the video to engage a male audience, and it can also portray the artist as a sexually orientated man, which may attract more female fans. This level of voyeristic treatment of the female body is fairly typical of the pop genre as it is engaging for some audience and can be use to make the artist look popular in music videos if females are attracted to him, this again engages the audience.

6-There is often intertextual references.
In the 'sing' music video there wasn't use of intertextual references such as TVs or music videos. The makers of the music video didn't choose to include this as they might have wanted the audience to focus on the narrative of the music video and the artist rather than the intertextual reference.

7-Weather the video is narrative, performance or concept based and how much each is used in the music video.
The final element of Goodwins theory is what is included in all music videos, weather the music video will either be performance, narrative or concept based. This video has elements of performance, concept and narrative, mostly performance and concept with a little narrative. The performance element is used throughout the video when Ed Sheeran is singing and playing guitar, the concept element is used during the scenes with the puppet as it is a concept that the puppet is playing the role of Ed Sheeran. The narrative elements are when the puppet is talking to the girl at the bar and also when the puppet and Ed Sheeran are drinking with ladies towards the end of the video, this was included to show that the artist has a fun social life, which shows the audience that he is a cool and popular person which is what they want from their idol, narrative is also used at the end of the video when Ed Sheeran wakes up in the same bed as other people and the puppet which appears to be the morning after the night out that was shown in the video . This use of the three keeps the audience engaged in the music videos, also the use of narrative makes the audience like the video and they might re watch it. also the narrative
Evaluation.
What have you found out from your analysis & what theory points will you like to include within your music video?

From the research I have carried out into the pop genre and the music videos that pop artists have made, I have a good understanding of the conventions that are used in pop music videos and the way that Goodwins theory is implemented into music videos, for example intertextual references are very popular in pop music videos, but in the 'sing' music video this element of Goodwins theory wasn't used, this shows me that music videos can still fit the genre and be seen as conventional to the genre even if they don't include all the elements  of Goodwins theory. This research will assist me when making my own music video as there are elements such as quick shot timing and an a large use of concept based music video, this has inspired me to think about including this in my own music video as the music video for 'sing' engaged the audience and built a connection between the audience and the artist using these elements and I feel that it would be good to use this in my own music video.